This is inflammation of the liver, commonly caused by viruses.  Hepatitis B and C are viruses that can cause chronic (long term) inflammation and damage to the liver. These viruses are passed from person to person through body fluids.  For more information about Hepatitis B and C see https://www.hepatitisfoundation.org.nz/

Alcohol can affect the liver and cause inflammation which, if long term, can damage the liver permanently.