The retina is the light sensitive tissue at the back of the eye, with the macular being the most specialised part, responsible for your ability to read, recognise faces, drive and see colours.  Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes progressive loss of central vision in some older people but peripheral vision is not affected by this disease.

AMD affects everyone differently and occurs in different stages: early, intermediate and late (or advanced).  Many people remain at the early or intermediate stage and are not badly affected.  Over time, some people may develop an advanced form of the disease termed wet AMD, where abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina.  This can cause rapid and severe loss of vision, requiring urgent treatment to prevent permanent damage.

Treatment 

Treatment options depend on the type and stage of AMD. Whilst there is presently no cure, early detection is vital to save sight. The earlier you seek treatment, the more likely you are to have a better visual outcome compared to those who wait.

Smoking is a major risk factor for AMD, so serious thought should be given to quitting.  While there are no medical treatments for early AMD, some people with intermediate AMD or advanced disease in one eye may benefit from vitamin and mineral supplements.  Discuss this with your optometrist or eye specialist.

There are medical treatments now available for wet AMD.  These treatments do not cure the disease but aim to stabilise vision and maintain the best vision for as long as possible.  In some people, treatment can improve vision.  Treatment options for wet AMD should be discussed with an eye specialist.